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The role of host diet in mediating effects of sublethal parasitic infections

Project Abstract: 
Parasite-mediated changes in host traits can have far-reaching effects. Even sublethal infections affect hosts by increasing energetic costs, altering behavior and immunity, and modifying the ways in which hosts process nutrients. Emerging evidence suggests host diets may mediate effects of sublethal parasitic infections. For example, supplemental nutrition can reduce burdens of helminth infections in mice. Concurrently, parasites can drive changes in host diet and habitat use that may reduce parasite exposure but not improve host health. We propose to investigate how parasite load is associated with host diet using white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) and their helminth parasites as a model system. P. leucopus has become the dominant small mammal species over the last 40 years around UMBS. It experiences sublethal infection by a range of helminth parasites and is a reservoir for several zoonotic pathogens, making its host-parasite dynamics highly relevant to the health of humans and other wildlife. We propose to visit UMBS in summer 2024 to visit potential field sites for studying how diet mediates effects of parasitic infections on P. leucopus and to work with students in the Field Mammalogy course to collect pilot data on P. leucopus parasites and diets between different habitat types.
Investigators: 
Status of Research Project: 
Years Active: 
2024
Methods: 
The Field Mammalogy course includes small mammal surveys as part of its curriculum. We are collaborating with Jessica Light, the course instructor, to have the students include fecal sampling as part of their protocols in areas where white footed mice are particularly common. At each capture, we will take a fecal sample, and collect other standard data to assess body condition. Specifically, students will record the species, sex, weight, length, and reproductive condition of each individual to pair with the fecal sample data. Half of each fecal sample will be used to quantify gastrointestinal worm burden and stress levels and the other half will be submitted to Jonah Ventures (Boulder, CO) for meta-barcoding to identify the species and relative proportions of plants, arthropods, and fungi consumed by the mice. Meta-barcoding will also be used to verify the identities of the gastrointestinal parasites. In 2025, we would like to experimentally test how infection burden of helminth parasites influences the health and nutrition of white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus). The samples collected during 2024 with the Field Mammalogy students will provide critical pilot data on variation in parasite burden and host diet that will be used to inform our field activities the following year.