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Canopy Gap Closure, Forest Floor Microclimate, and Cladonia / Cladina Distribution & Abundance

Project Abstract: 
Although the restriction of Cladonia / Cladina lichen species to gaps in the forest canopy has been widely taken to represent their "photophilous" character, earlier research at UMBS (1977-1984) found that (a) abundance and growth rates were greater at the edges (and particularly the more shaded southern edges) of openings, (b) dessication is a limiting factor for species with higher SA/V ratios, with throughfall and nightime longwave emmitance attending dew condensation being important mitigating factors, and (c) for all species, longterm transplant experiments demonstrated that leaffall and not light is actually the determinative factor restricting distribution to gaps and edges. Two permanent transects were established across from the station on the south side of Riggsville Road. For the last three decades, canopy closure, longwave & PAR; dew, throughfall, ground & air temperatures; and distribution, abundance, and growth rates of Cladonia / Cladina in 2m**2 quadrats have been assessed every five years. 2019 will culminate this project with 40 years of data.
Years Active: 
2019
Methods: 
1. Non-destructive sampling of Cladonia / Cladina distribution and abundance using Braun-Blanquet cover assessment across two permanent transects 50m long, of 2x2 meter quadrats, subdivided into 100 cells 2. Assessment of daytime and nighttime net longwave balance using net radiometer; assessment of PAR using integrating quantum flux bar. Dew using dew plates. 2. Assessment of canopy cover in each cell - total and directional - via digital photography 3. Assessment of lichen growth rates via measurement of internodal lengths from 5 randomly selected, individual thallus samples of rangiferina and uncialis in each plot.
Funding agency: 
Westmont College